Kugeza ubu, amatara yumuhanda ni umutuku, icyatsi n'umuhondo. Umutuku bisobanura guhagarara, icyatsi bisobanura kugenda, umuhondo bisobanura gutegereza (ni ukuvuga gutegura). Ariko kera cyane, hari amabara abiri gusa: umutuku n'icyatsi. Nkuko politiki yo kuvugurura umuhanda yarushijeho kuba nziza, irindi bara ryongeyeho nyuma, umuhondo; Hanyuma indi mbora yo mu muhanda yongeyeho. Byongeye kandi, kwiyongera k'amabara bifitanye isano rya hafi nuko abantu bo mumitekerereze yumutima.
Retina muntu ikubiyemo selile ya Mappeceptor Bonda nuburyo butatu bwingirangingo zifotora zingana. Ingirabuzimafatizo zamafoto ishusho itoroshye cyane kumucyo wumuhondo, mugihe ubwoko butatu bwamafoto ya copreceptor bwuzuye bwumvikana urumuri rutukura, urumuri rwicyatsi nubururu. Byongeye kandi, imiterere yabantu yerekana byoroshye kubantu gutandukanya umutuku nicyatsi. Nubwo umuhondo nubururu ntibigoye gutandukanya, kuko selile Photoceptor mumaso yijisho ntabwo yunvikana urumuri rwubururu, umutuku nicyatsi byatoranijwe nkibara ryamatara.
Kubijyanye no gushyiraho ibara ryibara ryumuhanda, hariho nuburyo bukomeye, ni ukuvuga ukurikije ihame rya optics, urumuri rutukura rufite uburebure burebure kandi rwohereza neza kuruta ibindi bimenyetso. Kubwibyo, bishyirwaho nkibara ryibimenyetso byimodoka. Nuburyo bwo gukoresha icyatsi nkibara ryumuhanda, ni ukubera ko itandukaniro riri hagati yicyatsi n'umutuku ari kinini kandi biroroshye gutandukanya, kandi byoroshye ibara ryibinyamakuru byombi ni bike.
Byongeye kandi, hari ibindi bintu usibye impamvu zavuzwe haruguru. Kuberako ibara ubwaryo rifite ubusobanuro bwikigereranyo, ibisobanuro bya buri bara bifite ibiranga. Kurugero, umutuku aha abantu ishyaka rikomeye cyangwa ibyiyumvo bikomeye, bikurikirwa numuhondo. Bituma abantu bumva bafite amakenga. Kubwibyo, birashobora gushyirwaho nkamabara atukura kandi yumuhondo afite ibisobanuro byo kubuza traffic nakaga. Icyatsi bisobanura ubwitonzi no gutuza.
Kandi icyatsi gifite ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zigabanya umunaniro. Niba usoma ibitabo cyangwa gukina mudasobwa igihe kirekire, amaso yawe azamenya neza ko ananiwe cyangwa akarere gato. Muri iki gihe, niba uhinduye amaso kubimera bibisi cyangwa ibintu, amaso yawe azagira ibyiyumvo bitunguranye. Kubwibyo, birakwiye gukoresha icyatsi nkibara ryumuhanda hamwe nibisobanuro byumuhanda.
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, ibara ryumwimerere ibimenyetso ntirishyiraho uko bishakiye, kandi hariho impamvu runaka. Kubwibyo, abantu bakoresha akaga gatukura (guhagararira akaga), umuhondo (uhagarariye hakiri kare) nicyatsi (guhagararira umutekano) nkibimenyetso byikimenyetso. Noneho birakomeje kandi gukoresha no kwimuka kuri sisitemu nziza yo gutumiza.
Igihe cya nyuma: Aug-16-2022
