Ibipimo bisanzwe byerekana ibimenyetso byumuhanda

Turabimenyereyeibyapa byo kumuhandakuko bifite aho bihuriye n'ubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Ni ibihe bimenyetso bihari byo kugenda mumihanda? Nibihe bipimo byabo bisanzwe? Uyu munsi, Qixiang, uruganda rwerekana ibimenyetso byumuhanda, ruzaguha intangiriro yubwoko bwibimenyetso byimihanda yo mumijyi nubunini busanzwe.

Ibyapa byumuhanda nibikoresho byumuhanda ukoresha inyandiko cyangwa ibimenyetso kugirango utange ubuyobozi, ibibujijwe, imbuzi, cyangwa amabwiriza. Bazwi kandi nk'ibyapa byo kumuhanda cyangwa ibyapa byo kumuhanda. Mubisanzwe, ibyapa byumuhanda bigamije umutekano; gushiraho ibimenyetso byumuhanda bigaragara, bisobanutse, kandi byiza nigipimo cyingenzi mugushira mubikorwa imicungire yumuhanda no kurinda umutekano wumuhanda no kugenda neza.

I. Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibyapa byo kumuhanda bihari?

ibyapa byo mumihanda muri rusange bigabanijwemo ibimenyetso byingenzi nibimenyetso bifasha. Hano hepfo ni intangiriro:

(1) Ibyapa byo kuburira: Ibyapa byo kuburira biburira ibinyabiziga nabanyamaguru ahantu hateye akaga;

(2) Ibyapa bibuza: Ibyapa bibuza bibuza cyangwa bigabanya imyitwarire yumuhanda wibinyabiziga nabanyamaguru;

(3) Ibyapa byateganijwe: Ibyapa byateganijwe byerekana icyerekezo cyurugendo rwibinyabiziga nabanyamaguru;

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Ibimenyetso byingirakamaro bifatanye munsi yibimenyetso byingenzi kandi bikora umurimo wo gusobanura. Bashyizwe mubice byerekana igihe, ubwoko bwimodoka, agace cyangwa intera, kuburira, nimpamvu zibuza.

II. Ibipimo bisanzwe byerekana ibimenyetso byumuhanda.

Mugihe ibipimo byibimenyetso rusange byumuhanda byateganijwe ukurikije ibyifuzo byabakiriya, abakora ibyapa byumuhanda bazi ko ibipimo byikimenyetso bidahwitse. Kuberako ibimenyetso bikomeza umutekano wumuhanda, kubishyira bikurikiza ibipimo bimwe; ibipimo bifatika gusa birashobora kuburira no kumenyesha abashoferi.

(1) Ibimenyetso bya mpandeshatu: Uburebure bwuruhande rwibimenyetso bya mpandeshatu ni 70cm, 90cm, na 110cm;

(2) Ibimenyetso bizenguruka: Ibipimo by'ibimenyetso bizenguruka ni 60cm, 80cm, na 100cm;

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III. Uburyo bwo Kwishyiriraho Amabwiriza yicyapa cyumuhanda

(1) Uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho hamwe namabwiriza ajyanye nibimenyetso byumuhanda: Ubwoko bwinkingi (harimo inkingi imwe ninkingi ebyiri); ubwoko bwa kantilever; Ubwoko bwa portal; Ubwoko bwometse.

. Kubimenyetso bya cantilever, inkombe yo hepfo igomba kuba ifite metero 5 hejuru yumuhanda hejuru yumuhanda wa I na II, na metero 4.5 kumihanda ya III na IV. Imbere yimbere yinyandiko igomba kuba byibura cm 25 uvuye kumuhanda (cyangwa igitugu).

Ibyavuzwe haruguru ni incamake yubwoko nubunini busanzwe bwibimenyetso byumuhanda wo mumijyi byakozwe na Qixiang. Byongeye kandi, kwibutsa urugwiro: gusa ibimenyetso bihuye nubuziranenge bwigihugu birashobora kubungabunga neza umutekano wumuhanda. Birasabwa kugira ibyapa byumuhanda wawe byakozwe nicyubahiroumuhanda wibyapa byumuhanda.