Hamwe no kwimbitse kwimijyi na moteri mu Bushinwa, ubwinshi bw'imodoka bwaragendaga bwarushijeho kuba ingenzi kandi bwabaye bumwe mu mvugo nyamukuru zibuza iterambere ry'imijyi. Kugaragara kumatara yamatara yumuhanda ituma traffic irashobora kugenzurwa neza, bifite ingaruka zigaragara kumankumi yo gukumira imihanda, kunoza ubushobozi bwumuhanda no kugabanya impanuka zumuhanda. Umucyo wibimenyetso bya traffic muri rusange bigizwe numucyo utukura (bisobanura nta pass), urumuri rwicyatsi (bisobanura gutambuka kwemererwa) numucyo wumuhondo (bisobanura umuburo). Irashobora kugabanywamo moteri yerekana moteri, ntabwo ari moteri yerekana ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso, urumuri rwibimenyetso, icyerekezo cyambukiranya urumuri, umuburo wo kuburira umuhanda, nibindi. Ukurikije uburyo butandukanye.
Dukurikije ingamba zisumba ry'ubushakashatsi n'ingamba z'ishoramari ku isoko ry'ikigo cy'amatako y'Ubushinwa kuva 2022 kugeza 2027 n'ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi c'Ubushinwa Ubushakashatsi & Iterambere Co, Ltd.
Mu 1968, amasezerano y'umuryango w'abibumbye ku muhanda n'ibimenyetso by'imihanda n'ibimenyetso biteganijwe mu gusobanura amatara atandukanye. Itara ryicyatsi ni ikimenyetso cyumuhanda. Ibinyabiziga bireba urumuri rwicyatsi birashobora kugenda neza, hindukirira ibumoso cyangwa iburyo, keretse ikindi kimenyetso kibuza guhindukira. Ibinyabiziga bihindura ibumoso kandi iburyo bugomba gushyira imbere ibinyabiziga bitwara byemewe n'amategeko mumasanganyamatsiko nabanyamaguru bambuka umuhanda. Itara ritukura ni oya genda ikimenyetso. Ibinyabiziga bireba itara ritukura bigomba guhagarara inyuma yumurongo wahagaritswe kumuhanda. Umucyo wumuhondo ni ikimenyetso cyo kuburira. Ibinyabiziga bireba urumuri rwumuhondo ntirushobora kwambuka umurongo, ariko barashobora kwinjiza ihuriro mugihe bari hafi yumurongo uhagarara kandi ntushobora guhagarara neza. Kuva icyo gihe, iyi ngingo yabaye isi yose.
Ikimenyetso cyumuhanda kigenzurwa cyane na microcontroller cyangwa linux ifata imbere, kandi peripherale ifite ibyambu byumurongo, icyambu, urufunguzo, kwerekana amashusho yerekana, nindi mashusho. Birasa nkaho bidagoye, ariko kubera ko ibikorwa byayo bikaze kandi bikeneye gukora ubudahwema imyaka myinshi, bifite ibisabwa byinshi kubicuruzwa nubuziranenge. Itara ryumuhanda nikimwe mubice byingenzi byimijyi igezweho yimijyi, ikoreshwa mugucungwa no gucunga ibimenyetso byumuhanda wumujyi.
Dukurikije amakuru, urumuri rwambere rwibimenyetso mubushinwa ni itegeko ry'Ubwongereza muri Shanghai. Nko mu 1923, igihugu rusange cya Shanghai cyatangiye gukoresha ibikoresho bya mashini ku masangano amwe mu kwigisha ibinyabiziga guhagarara no gutera imbere. Ku ya 13 Mata 1923, ibice bibiri byingenzi byumuhanda wa Nanjing bwari bwa mbere amatara yerekana ibimenyetso, byagenzurwaga na polisi mu muhanda.
Kuva ku ya 1 Mutarama 2013, Ubushinwa bwashyize mu bikorwa ibiteganyo bigezweho ku gusaba no gukoresha uruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga. Gusobanura ingingo nshya ukoresheje amashami bireba byavuzwe neza ko "gufata urumuri rw'umuhondo nigikorwa cyo kurenga amatara y'ibimenyetso bya traffic, kandi umushoferi azacibwa amatara arenga 20 ariko akaba munsi ya Yuan, n'amanota 6 azandikwa." Amabwiriza mashya amaze gutangizwa, bakora ku mitsi y'abashoferi b'ibinyabiziga. Abashoferi benshi akenshi bahogamiye mugihe bahuye namatara yumuhondo kumasanga. Amatara yumuhondo yahoze "kwibutsa" kugirango abashoferi bahindutse "imitego itemewe" abantu batinya.
Iterambere ryerekana amatara yumuhanda wubwenge
Hamwe niterambere rya interineti yibintu, amakuru manini, ubwenge bwubukorikori hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryamakuru, Ishami rishinzwe gutwara abantu rimenya ko ukoresheje uburebure bwa tekinike bushobora kunonosorwa. Kubwibyo, "abanyabwenge" mubikorwa remezo byumuhanda byahindutse ibintu byanze bikunze iterambere ryimodoka nziza. Itara ryumuhanda nuburyo bwingenzi bwo gucunga imihanda yo mumijyi no kugenzura, hamwe no kuzamura sisitemu yo kugenzura ibimenyetso bizagira amahirwe menshi yo koroshya ubwinshi. Muburyo bwo guteza imbere byihuse ikoranabuhanga ry'ubutasi bw'ubutasi bw'ubutasi, amatara yubwenge ashingiye ku gutunganya amashusho no gutunganya amashusho no kwinjizamo uko ibihe bisaba uko ibihe bisaba ko ibihe bisaba ko ibihe bisaba ko ibihe bisaba ibikoresho by'umuhanda n'ibikoresho. Kubisubizo byumuhanda ugenzura ibimenyetso byubwenge, igisubizo gitangwa nuburyo bwo kwinjizwamo ni ukundi: Mubutegetsi bwabatumiza umuhanda wibimenyetso byumuhanda kuri buri gihugu cyibanze cyamaboko yimbuto zishingiye ku gitsina.
Igihe cyagenwe: Ukwakira-21-2022
